Details of Bone cancer

Marrow is the sponge-like material existing inside the bones and within this sponge-like material stem cells are found, which can be in the form of red blood cells, white blood cells or platelets. So, bone marrow is a type of cancers which starts in the bones. It occurs when the cells in the marrow grow abnormally.

It is also called bone marrow cancer. Many types of this:

Multiple myeloma. It starts in plasma cells which are white blood cells that produce antibodies to protect your body from foreign invaders.

Leukemia: It starts, when the body produces abnormal blood cells which do not die off as usual. Lymphoma: It happens, when the lymphocytes grow out of control, forming tumors and attacking immune system so that it will be able to do its job.

May include:

• Extreme thirst
• Frequent urination
• Dehydration
• Abdominal pain
• Loss of appetite
• Drowsiness
• Weakness & Fatigue
• Bleeding
• Infection
• Bone pain
• Kidney damage
• Fever and chills
• Excessive sweating
• Weight loss
• Swelling in the neck
• Feeling heavy stomach
• Chest and lower back pain

May include:

• Smoking
• Obesity
• Exposure to toxic chemicals
• Exposure to atomic radiation 
• HIV, Hepatitis, some retroviruses 
• Plasma disorder 
• Genetic disorder 
• Chemo or radiation therapy

May be recommended:

• Blood tests
• Urine tests 
• Imaging tests like CT, MRI and PET scan > Biopsy of the bone marrow

Treatment options:

Chemotherapy. In this drugs are given to kill cancer cells with injection through veins.

Radiation therapy. In this high-powered beams, such as X-rays or protons, to kill cancer cells, if the cancer has spread to central system.

Targeted therapy. This is basically for the people with a certain abnormality called the Philadelphia chromosome. So for them this therapy is required to attack cells that contain the abnormality. Biological therapy. This therapy uses your own immune system to kill cancer cells.

Bone Marrow Transplant. Also known as a stem cell transplant. In this, damaged bone marrow is replaced with healthy marrow from a donor.

Risk increasing factors:

Older age

Gender

Race

Genetic

May include:

Frequent infection

Bone problems

Kidney issues

Anemia