Details of Colorectal cancer

It is a type of cancer which originates in the rectum or colon (the large intestine). The colon is the lower portion of the digestive system.

This has some types as well:

1. Adenocarcinomas: Which form within mucus cells in colon or rectum.
2. Lymphomas: Which form in lymph nodes.
3. Carcinoids: Which originates in the hormone-making cells.
4. Sarcomas: Which form in the soft tissues.

May include:

• Excessive gas
• Blood in the stool
• Persistent abdominal discomfort
• Weakness and Fatigue
• Unintended weight loss
• Complete change in the bowel habits

May be recommended:

• Colonoscopy
• Blood tests
• Urine tests
• Imaging tests such as CT

Treatment options:

Surgery for early-stage:

Polypectomy: It is done when the cancer is very small and localized within a polyp. It can be removed completely during a colonoscopy.

Endoscopic mucosal resection: It is done when the polyp became a quite larger. It is also removed during a colonoscopy with the help of some special tools.

Minimally invasive surgery: It is done when the polyp has become very huge and can not be removed through a colonoscopy. small incisions are made on the abdominal wall to insert instrument attached with a tiny cameras and then the procedure is performed.

Surgery for a bit more advanced stage:

Partial colectomy: In this surgery, the diseased part of the colon is removed with some adjoining tissues as well and then the both healthy ends are joined in through a minimally invasive surgery.

An ostomy: It is creating an opening in the wall of the abdomen from a portion of the remaining bowel to excrete stool into a bag that rests securely over the opening.

Surgery for highly advanced stage: It is recommended to to relieve a blockage of colon or other conditions in order to improve your symptoms when the cancer has advanced.

Chemotherapy: In this drugs are given to kill cancer cells with injection through veins. Radiation therapy: In this high-powered beams, such as X-rays or protons, to kill cancer cells, if the cancer has spread to central system.

Targeted therapy: This is basically for the people with a certain abnormality.

Which may deteriorate:

• Older age
• Family history of colorectal cancer or polyps
• Inflammatory bowel disease
• Inherited syndromes
• Dietary factors
• Diabetes
• Smoking
• Radiation therapy for previous cancer

May include:

• Frequent infection
• Bone problems
• Kidney issues
• Anemia