Details of Spondylolisthesis

Spondylolisthesis occurs when one of the lower spinal bones moves forward onto the bone that is right beneath it, pressing nearby nerves in the process as well.

Chronic lower back pain
Thigh pain
Muscle stiffness
Impaired movement

Aging
Hereditary factors
Birth defect
Injury

Physical examination
Imaging tests: X-ray, CT scan, MRI

Physiotherapy: It can reduce pain, calm the nerves and help restore the bone back to its original place.
Surgery: Operation becomes necessary in severe cases. The surgeon will place bones sourced from the pelvic area or use synthetic ones in the space between the two spinal bones to merge them and plug the gap. Metal screws and plates may be used to bind bones.

Infection
Fracture
Nerve/tissue damage
Bone diseases